When deciding which home EV charger will be best for you, consider the following:
- Level 1 vs. Level 2 charging, and your home electrical system
There are two types of chargers that you can buy: Level 1 and Level 2. Level 1 chargers operate on a power supply of 120 volts, while Level 2 chargers operate at 240 volts. You can use a Level 2 charger for faster charging, but that will require a special outlet that you will need to install in your home. (All of the chargers on this list are Level 2.)
When installing a home EV charger, evaluating your home’s electrical system is crucial, as it plays a key role in determining what type of charger and installation your home can support. Many of the chargers listed in this article offer selective amperage settings, meaning that even though they are advertised as providing up to 48A or 50A output, they can often be adjusted to lower outputs, such as 40A or 32A, to better align with your electrical system’s capacity.
For Level 2 chargers, there are specific breaker requirements based on the amperage:
- 38A-40A chargers require a 50A breaker. The National Electrical Code (NEC) mandates that the breaker must support 125% of the charger’s maximum load to provide a safety margin for continuous operation.
- 48A-50A chargers typically require a 60A breaker, but in some instances, a 70A breaker may be needed to ensure proper safety overhead.
Since many chargers offer selectable amperage settings, they can be configured to work with different electrical setups. For example, a charger capable of 48A output can run at 40A or 32A if your home’s electrical panel can’t support the higher amperage. However, chargers offering higher output (48A-50A) generally require hardwiring rather than using a NEMA socket to comply with safety and electrical standards.
It’s critical to consult a licensed electrician to assess whether your electrical panel can accommodate your selected charger. If your panel lacks the necessary capacity, upgrading your electrical system may be required before installation. This could involve installing new wiring, dedicated breaker boxes, or weatherproof components for outdoor setups. Evaluating these factors will ensure safe and efficient operation of your home EV charger.
- Additional costs & utility programs
While many local power companies offer EV charger programs that include a charger and basic installation services, these programs may not cover more complex or costly installations. In older homes or homes requiring significant upgrades, installation costs can quickly exceed the charger’s price. For example, suppose your home has an outdated electrical panel or lacks the necessary infrastructure. In that case, you might need additional wiring (such as NEMA 6-50), a weatherproof box, and a dedicated dual breaker box. Additionally, any work done outside may require an inspection to ensure compliance with updated local safety laws, such as proper grounding.
Utility-backed programs often cover only basic installations, leaving homeowners responsible for any significant electrical upgrades. Before committing to any program or installation, getting a detailed quote for the entire scope of the work is advisable, especially for older homes or more complex setups.
By comparing the full costs of utility-backed programs with the option of purchasing and installing a charger independently, you can make a more informed decision and ensure you’re prepared for all potential costs, not just those covered by the program.
Weatherproofing
If you plan on using your home EV charger outdoors, you will want to be sure that it is weather-resistant for added protection.
Smart technology
The best home EV chargers include smart technology, which allows you to use Bluetooth and even Alexa connections to control your unit.
Home EV chargers come at a variety of price points, so you can find one that fits into your budget.
Source: Robotics - zdnet.com
